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Fauna of the United States Virgin Islands
The fauna of the United States Virgin Islands consists of 144 species of birds, 22 species of mammals, 302 species of fish and 7 species of amphibians.〔http://www.nps.gov/viis/learn/nature/animals.htm〕 The wildlife of the U.S.V.I. includes numerous endemic species of tropical birds, fish, and land reptiles as well as sea mammals. The only endemic land mammal however, is solely made up of the following six species of native bats: the greater bulldog bat, Antillean fruit-eating bat, red fruit bat, Brazilian free-tailed bat, velvety free-tailed bat and the Jamaican fruit bat. Some of the nonnative land mammals roaming the islands are the white-tailed deer, small Asian mongoose, goats, feral donkeys, rats, mice, sheep, hogs, dogs and cats.〔Potter, Susanna Henighan (2013). ''Moon Virgin Islands''. Avalon Travel. Page 302. ISBN 9781612383682.〕 Sea mammals includes numerous species of whales, dolphins, orcas, manatees and dugongs. The islands’ only species of seal, the Caribbean monk seal, was deemed extinct in the early 1950s. Virgin Islands National Park and the Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument are the two largest among many refugees for numerous species of wildlife. Some of the currently endangered animals includes the West Indian manatee, Virgin Islands tree boa (Epicrates monensis monensis), Saint Croix ground lizard, and the green sea turtle.〔http://www.fws.gov/caribbean/es/Endangered-Animals.html U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service: “Caribbean Endangered and Threatened Animals”.〕
The official territorial bird of the U.S.V.I. is the bananaquit, which is also depicted in the Seal of the United States Virgin Islands.〔Greenberg, Harriet and Douglas (2006). ''The US Virgin Islands Alive''. Hunter Publishing, Inc. Page 24. ISBN 9781588435842.〕 Besides the bananaquit, there are more than 140 other species of birds, including for instance pelicans, parrots, parakeets, flamingos, herons, egrets, hummingbirds, sea gulls, doves, ospreys, kingfishers and warblers. The island of Saint Croix has several species of animals endemic to the island, including the Saint Croix ground lizard, the Saint Croix's anole, as well as the extinct Saint Croix racer and Saint Croix macaw.
== Reptiles ==
The U.S. Virgin Islands are home to the world’s largest species of reptile, the leatherback turtle, as well as one of the largest land lizards, the green iguana. Other species of turtles include the green- and hawksbill turtles, as well as the only non-marine turtle, the red-footed tortoise. Smaller lizards include the Saint Croix's anole, Saint Croix ground lizard, Puerto Rican crested anole, St. Thomas anole, common grass anole and Virgin Islands worm lizard, as well as geckos such as the cotton ginner and house gecko (locally nicknamed “woodslave"). The most common lizard however is the ground lizard, and to a lesser extent, the tree lizard.〔Potter, Susanna Henighan (2013). ''Moon Virgin Islands''. Avalon Travel. Pages 303-304. ISBN 9781612383682.〕 The Virgin Islands are also home to several non-venomous snake species, including the ground snake, Mona boa ''Virgin Islands tree boa'' and blind snake (''Typhlops richardii''). While the green- and hawksbill turtles are found throughout the U.S.V.I., the leatherback turtle is mostly observed on Saint Croix, and in large aggregations around Sandy Point. The largest populations of hawksbill turtles however are found on Buck Island and the east end of Saint Croix.〔Nellis, David W. (2000). ''Puerto Rico & Virgin Islands Wildlife Viewing Guide''. Falcon. Page 72. ISBN 9781560448365.〕 Native lizards such as anole, ameiva and geckos are easily observed from the Cas Cay Wildlife Sanctuary and Cas Cay Island, a tropical island a few miles south of Red Hook. The Cas Cay Wildlife Sanctuary is a part of the 680-acre Mangrove Lagoon Marine Reserve and Wildlife Sanctuary, which is a protected area in eastern Saint Thomas with various native species.〔Nellis, David W. (2000). ''Puerto Rico & Virgin Islands Wildlife Viewing Guide''. Falcon. Pages 73-74. ISBN 9781560448365.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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